36 results
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
cycle found in the liver ... use in cellular metabolism ... via anaerobic metabolism ... and acute kidney injury ... of metabolic acidosis
Clinical manifestations of acute liver failure 

Brain: 
Hepatic encephalopathy,  
Cerebral edema,  
Intracranial hypertension,
: Loss of metabolic ... Subclinical myocardial injury ... : Acute lung injury ... failure #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Genetic/Metabolic ... injury) • Ischemic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #hepatology #transaminitis
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... Intermediate fatty acid metabolism ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... #Pregnancy #hepatology
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Algorithm Cardiac ... Myocarditis Metabolic ... Inborn Errors of Metabolism ... • Reye's Syndrome ... Choking Spell Injury
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Algorithm Unprovoked ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hypoxia, Uremia, Liver
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Vascular ... • Metabolic/Hereditary ... #algorithm #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... Injury Transaminase ... NASH, Genetic / Metabolic ... #Injury #hepatology ... #differential #diagnosis
Liver Chemistry Tests - AST, ALT, Alkaline Phosphatase and Bilirubin Metabolism
AST and ALT:
 • AST: liver
and Bilirubin Metabolism ... insult Bilirubin metabolism ... Tests #Laboratory #Metabolism ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #LFTs
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Trauma: Shock liver ... • Metabolic: ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #hepatology