16 results
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
Association, which is classes ... flare ups that cause ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Classes #NYHA
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure - Causes ... Cardiomyopathy HFrEF Causes ... • Other HFpEF Causes ... #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Causes #Pathophysiology
In order to better classify heart failure, the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American
American College of Cardiology ... Association functional class ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Classes #NYHA
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... flare ups that cause ... class III and class ... #Management #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... #High #Output #HeartFailure ... #CHF #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... endpoint of all-cause ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Medications Used in Congestive Heart Failure

In CHF, the heart is failing as a pump; cardiac output
CHF also causes ... #Pharmacology #CHF ... Action #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Cardiology #Preload
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... BRB breakdown causes ... retinal arterioles causes ... disc arterioles causes ... disc arterioles causes
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
inotropy) ACCP Cardiology ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... Classification #Classes ... #pathophysiology ... #cardiology
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
Stage I - Redistribution ... supplying the lung bases ... non-perfused vessels and causes ... In these cases comparison ... #Clinical #Radiology