38 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... /nephritic syndromes ... glomerular hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... #Nephrotic #Syndromes ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
clinical context and signs ... Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... nephrolithiasis • Symptoms ... (proteinuria, RBC ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
IgA Vasculitis – Henoch Scholein Purpura: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 - Infectious Agents - 50% have
10-50%) - HTN, nephrotic ... /nephritic syndrome ... HenochScholeinPurpura #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... of GN or vasculitis ... #urology #nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Immune-mediated conditions affecting the brain, eye, and ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in conjunction
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... Inflammatory causes ... ANCA-associated vasculitides ... #neurology #inflammatory
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... - Small vessel vasculitis ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... Classification #diagnosis #nephrology
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
CLINICAL • Nephritic ... syndrome (Casts ... proteinuria (may be nephrotic ... Leukocyturia • Vasculitic ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... count cause hyperviscosity ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... >100k, + lab signs ... : • Pathophysiology