410 results
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... Vit B12 - aka cobalamin ... Worsening macrocytic anemia ... wt loss • If anemia ... B12 level (< 200 pg
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... B12 #Deficiency #Cobalamin
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... syndrome Food-bound cobalamin ... deficiency #low #cobalamin
Differential Diagnosis of Anemias #Diagnosis #IM #Honc #Anemia #Differential #Iron #Algorithm #Microcytic #Macrocytic #Normocytic #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Anemias ... Diagnosis #IM #Honc #Anemia
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Hemolytic Anemias ... Algorithm Signs of anemia ... Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemias ... Alloimmune Hemolytic Anemias ... #Hemolytic #Anemias
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Iron deficiency anemia ... Chronic disease anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... iron deficiency anemia ... Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Prevalence of Common Nutritional Deficiencies and Supplement Recommendations in Bariatric Patients 
Calcium, Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin
, Vitamin B12 (cobalamin
Hemolysis - Diagnostic Algorithm and Causes

Increased red cell production: 
 • Increased Reticulocytosis/polychromasia 
 • Erythroid
breakdown • Anaemia ... Hemolysis #Hemolytic #Anemia
Dacrocytes (tear drop cells) 
Other poikilocytes resemble a pear or teardrop. The narrow, tapered end
may be
metaplasia, pernicious anemia ... some hemolytic anemias
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Iron-deficiency anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... Megaloblastic anemia ... Sideroblastic anemia ... , Pernicious anemia