55 results
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin ... - aka cobalamin ... Worsening macrocytic anemia ... wt loss • If anemia ... level (< 200 pg
Causes of Vitamin B12 Deficiency - Cobalamin
Decreased Intake
Pancreas: Insufficiency
Intestine: SIBO, Celiac disease, IBD, Lymphoma, Amyloidosis, Resection,
Causes of Vitamin B12 ... Deficiency - Cobalamin ... Stomach: Pernicious anemia ... pylori infection, B12 ... #Deficiency #Cobalamin
Causes of Low Vitamin B12 Levels
Low vitamin B12 intake - Vegetarianism, chronic alcoholism and older people
Autoimmune
of Low Vitamin B12 ... Levels Low vitamin B12 ... Autoimmune - Pernicious anaemia ... syndrome Food-bound cobalamin ... deficiency #low #cobalamin
Prevalence of Common Nutritional Deficiencies and Supplement Recommendations in Bariatric Patients 
Calcium, Vitamin B1 (thiamine), Vitamin
Calcium, Vitamin B1 ... thiamine), Vitamin B12 ... (cobalamin), Folic
Medications for the Management of Anemia

TREATMENT OF ANEMIA
 - Cyanocobalamin/B12
 - Erythropoietin/epoetin alfa
 - Darbepoetin alfa
Management of Anemia ... TREATMENT OF ANEMIA ... Cyanocobalamin/B12 ... OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA ... Pentoxifylline #Anemia
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
E - Haemolytic anaemia ... • Thiamine B1 ... • Riboflavin B2 ... gestation • Vitamin B12 ... - Anaemia, neurological
Cobalamin (vitamin B12)
In the diet:
5-15 pg/day (min. 1-5)
B12
Protein
HC
pH t
B12
Duodenum
Stomach
1
B12
R-protein
Protein
From saliva
R-protein
Intrinsic factor
Pancreas
B12
R-Protein
Trypsin
B12
Terminal ileum
B12
IF
2
Specific binding to receptors of
Cobalamin (vitamin ... B12) In the diet ... : 5-15 pg/day ( ... min. 1-5) B12 ... Protein HC pH t B12
Anemia - Underproduction Diagnostic Algorithm
 - Iron deficiency anemia
 - Anemia of chronic inflammation
 - Anemia
Anemia - Underproduction ... Iron deficiency anemia ... - Anemia of chronic ... inflammation - Anemia ... disease - Vitamin B12
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.)
Physicians
of macrocytic anemia ... and a vitamin B12 ... elevated, but anemia ... megaloblastic anemia ... that occur with B12
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... - Low Serum B12 ... • Pernicious Anemia ... - Low Serum B12 ... • Rule out B12