103 results
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Argyll Robertson Pupil
Definition:
 - Irregular and small (1-2mm) pupil
 - Light-near dissociation (accommodation remains intact)
 -
bilateral - Abscent pupillary ... Robertson #Pupil #neurology ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Isocoria - Pupillary ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Midbrain (Parinaud's Syndrome ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Simultagnosia on Physical Exam (Balint Syndrome)

The patient can recognize objects one at a time but cannot
Physical Exam (Balint Syndrome ... recognize objects one ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #video #neurology ... #ophthalmology
Pupillary Abnormalities  Overview
 - Unequal Pupils (anisocoria)
 - Tonic pupil (Adie's pupil)
 - OculomotorNerve (CN
Pupillary Abnormalities ... - Homer's Syndrome ... Equal Pupils and One ... #Diagnosis #Ophthalmology ... #Pupillary #Abnormalities
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Relative Afferent Pupillary ... very sensitive diagnostic ... regarding the cause ... #Defect #Neurology ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Persistent Pupillary Membrane (PPM) on Slit Lamp Ocular Examination

This membrane would be a remainder of the
Persistent Pupillary ... Membrane (PPM) on ... large enough to cause ... Pupil #Ocular #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #ophthalmology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... pain hematuria syndrome ... → Diagnostic of ... embolism • AVM • Papillary ... #causes #urology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
- Differential Diagnosis ... findings based on ... cause Distributive ... anaphylaxis, release syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes - Atypical Parkinsonism
Main motor symptoms:
 • Tremors
 • Limb rigidity
 • Bradykinesia
Other symptoms
Parkinson's Plus Syndromes ... and vary based on ... parkinsonism (VP ... #Parkinsonism #diagnosis ... #neurology