17 results
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential Diagnosis ... Seronegative Reactive Syndrome ... fracture - Patellar dislocation ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... - Light-near dissociation ... gabifpucci #Parinauds #Syndrome ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Argyll Robertson Pupil
Definition:
 - Irregular and small (1-2mm) pupil
 - Light-near dissociation (accommodation remains intact)
 -
- Light-near dissociation ... Robertson #Pupil #neurology ... #diagnosis #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... • Light-near dissociation ... neudrawlogy #Parinauds #syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... no light-near dissociation ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Adie's Pupil on Physical Exam

Adie's pupil is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil
., light-near dissociation ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... ophthalmology #neurology ... #syndrome
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Anterior Shoulder Dislocation ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Fracture • Hip dislocation ... Valgus position of knee ... symptoms #signs #diagnosis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... Albuminocytologic dissociation ... #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology