16 results
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... in APML Epidemiology ... Incidence: common in APL ... Imaging: CXR- pulmonary ... #management #hematology
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... oxygenation due to a gas ... absence of intrinsic lung ... Arterial blood gas ... #treatment #hepatology
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnostic Criteria:
 • Elevated hemoglobin and/or hematocrit AND
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... transformation into AML ... von Willebrand disease ... PV #Diagnosis #Management ... #hematology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... or restrictive lung ... disease (COPD,
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation Syndrome ... rash) • Heart, lung ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Hematology #Rheumatology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Inhibitors of Na+K+2Cl ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
transformation to AML ... Myeloproliferative Disease ... vitamin B12 or folic acid ... Antibiotics such as ... progression to AML
Pulmonary Nodule
Evaluation is guided by nodule size & assessment of probability of malignancy. In addition is
malignancy is < 1% for all ... The treatment of ... disease and coronary ... artery disease; ... Management options
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Diagnosis and Management ... other causes of neurologic ... over course of disease ... recommend using as ... #treatment #hepatology
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
extrapulmonary disease ... or meningitic disease ... change in the lungs ... nails, bronchi, lungs ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management