89 results
Nodular pattern
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary TB: random nodules
3. Sarcoidosis: nodules with perilymphatic
Nodular pattern 1. ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ... : ill defined centrilobular ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
On the left some diseases with a nodular pattern.
1. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis: ill defined centrilobular nodules.
2. Miliary
nodular pattern. 1. ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ... : ill defined centrilobular ... Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ... bronchiolitis: ill
Heme Synthesis Pathway
Enzymes
1. ALA Synthase
2. ALA Dehydratase
3. Porphobilinogen deaminase
4. UP Ill Synthase
5. UP Ill Decarboxylase
6. Coproporphyrinogen
Pathway Enzymes 1. ... UP Ill Synthase ... UP Ill Decarboxylase ... Synthesis #Pathway #pathophysiology
Hypothermia in Sepsis - Pathophysiology
 • 20% of septic pts → HYPOTHERMIA
 • Increased mortality 62%
Hypothermia in Sepsis - Pathophysiology ... insufficiency MECHANISMS: 1. ... cytokines ↓TNF-α, ↓IL ... -6, ↓IL-1 3. ... Hypothermia #sepsis #pathophysiology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Clinical Features: Fever, Splenomegaly, Hepatomegaly, Lymphadenopathy, Confusion
Classic lab findings in HLH: ↑↑ ferritin, Anemia,
activity, ↑ soluble IL ... the following 8 criteria ... activity • ↑ soluble IL ... Lymphohistiocytosis #diagnosis #hematology ... #criteria
Periprosthetic Aortic Valve Regurgitation Grading
 • Vena Contracta Area
 • Circumference
 • Jet Length
Mild - Moderate
• Jet Length Mild ... Moderate - Severe Mild ... : 1) 0.1 cm2 VC ... Classification #Criteria
Fig. 1 Pathophysiology of septic myocardial dysfunction. IL interleukin, iNOS induced nitric oxide synthase, PMN polymorphonuclear
Fig. 1 Pathophysiology ... IL interleukin, ... necrosis factor #Pathophysiology
TRALI vs TACO - Transfusion Reactions
TRALI:
 • Epidemiology: 0.1% of transfused patientsl
 • Risk factors: Critical
blood donor • Pathophysiology ... transfusion • Criteria ... : ARDS Berlin Criteria ... transfusion • Pathophysiology ... Transfusion #Reactions #hematology
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)

Criteria:
• New ST-segment elevation at the J point in 2 contiguous leads
Infarction (STEMI) Criteria ... cutoff point as > 1 ... men > 40 years old ... men < 40 years old
Immune Reactions and Immunosuppressant Drugs

Glucocorticoids - Inhibition of cytokine synthesis, e.g., IL-1, IL-2
Muromonab-CD3 - Monoclonal antibody
Calcineurin
., IL-1, IL-2 Muromonab-CD3 ... cytokine synthesis - IL ... Basiliximab - IL ... Suppression of IL ... #Pharmacology #Pathophysiology