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Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal ... • Sepsis • Blood ... Kidney #Injury #Prerenal
Acute Kidney Injury - Differential Diagnosis Framework
PRERENAL:
 - Intrarenal vasoconstriction-hemodynamically mediated
 - Systemic vasodilation
 - Volume
Diagnosis Framework PRERENAL ... Glomerular (red blood ... eosinophils/white blood
BUN/Creatinine ratio differentiate between acute and chronic renal disease.
Prerenal azotemia appears when there is poor renal
Prerenal azotemia ... Prerenal acute failure ... algorithm #renal #BUN #blood
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
Diagnosis Framework Prerenal ... effective arterial blood
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
UA positive for blood ... Prevent Prerenal
Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury - Diagnostic Schema

Hypovolemia 
Hypervolemia 
Hypotension 
Vessels 

#Prerenal #Acute #Kidney #Injury #AKI #Diagnosis
Prerenal Acute Kidney ... Vessels #Prerenal
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
Urinalysis - Prerenal
Black and Bloody Stools - Melena and Hematochezia
Melena - Refers to passage of black, tarry (sticky
Black and Bloody ... Occult blood tests ... least 60 mL of blood ... transit is slow, blood ... Red Blood in the
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Classification Prerenal ... rhabdo, prolonged prerenal
Fractional Excretion of Sodium - FENa
Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) = (Urine Na+ x Serum Cr)
< 1% suggests prerenal