28 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Syndrome Step ... hematuria and/or proteinuria ... /nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... RBC casts, +/- proteinuria ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... , malignant HTN ... nephrology #diagnosis #renal
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... urine sediment ... #nephrotic #syndrome
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 • Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 • Marked proteinuria (may be
CLINICAL • Nephritic ... syndrome (Casts ... ) • Marked proteinuria ... (may be nephrotic ... • Often severe renal
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... blood cells on urine ... • Hereditary nephritis ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic ... range) proteinuria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and signs • Glomerulonephritis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... syndrome: troponin ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
associated with worse renal ... Nephrotic-range ... Urine total protein ... is defined as nephrotic ... syndrome
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... - Proteinuria ... Stricture • Malignancy ... • Nutcracker syndrome
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Red blood cell - Glomerulonephritis ... , renal tuberculosis ... Fatty - Nephrotic ... syndrome ("Maltese
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Overfill (Increased renal ... sodium retention, Urine ... • AKI/CKD • Nephrotic ... Oncotic Pressure • Nephrotic