133 results
Causes of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Insufficient Sleep
 • Poor Sleep Hygiene
 • Insomnia
Causes of Excessive ... Periodic Limb Movement ... Medical/Psychiatric ... Disorders • Neurologic ... Opioid Analgesics, Antipsychotics
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in Wonderland Syndrome ... macropsia), color, movement ... (Many causes!) ... • Epilepsy • Psychiatric ... #diagnosis #neurology
Tardive Dyskinesia on Physical Exam

Involuntary orofacial movements usually caused by chronic use of neuroleptic agents.

#Tardive #Dyskinesia
Involuntary orofacial movements ... usually caused ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #neurology ... #neuroleptic #psychiatry
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
1ml blood/liter urine ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... #urology #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #causes
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Possible Causes ... of Altered Urine ... Medications: laxatives, antipsychotics ... Purple (Purple Urine ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
39 C this is a clinical ... maintained fever CAUSES ... haloperidol and other antipsychotics ... antidepressants, antipsychotics ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic