55 results
Pathogens in Pneumonia

Here is a quick review of the pathogens causing pneumonia (useful for enumerating differentials
H. influenzae (COPD ... Moraxella catarrhalis (COPD ... Pseudomonas — COPD ... Legionella spp (COPD ... Chlamydia pneumoniae (COPD
CPPD vs Gout

== CPPD == 

Think About CPPD When:
 • Self-limited synovitis after surgery/trauma (> 65
CPPD vs Gout ... == CPPD == Think ... About CPPD When ... Asymptomatic CPPD ... crystals • Rhomboid
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Artery Disease • Stable ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
pHTN, Advanced COPD ... Disease: Asthma, COPD ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Daliresp (Roflumilast) 
Indication: Reduce risk of COPD exacerbations 
Drug Class: Selective Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitor 
GOLD 2019
Reduce risk of COPD ... Initiate if severe COPD ... Dosing: 250 mcg tablet ... the treatment of COPD ... #Pharmacology #COPD
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Acute and Chronic Causes ... Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... : Tumor, Vocal cord ... Acute #Chronic #Causes
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
COPD phenotypes: ... stereotypical forms of COPD ... overlap syndrome of COPD ... airflow obstruction causes ... #Diagnosis #COPD
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... , Acute spinal cord ... Deep coma (any cause ... finding in spinal cord ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
e.g. pneumonia, COPD ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... - Asthma - COPD ... syndrome Other Causes ... differential #diagnosis #causes