37 results
Causes, classification and compensatory responses to shock.

Shock can be caused by any pathological process that leads
Causes, classification ... Shock can be caused ... vasodilatation, myocardial dysfunction ... The cause of shock ... renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system
Non-lschemic Causes of Cardiogenic Shock:

Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Digoxin 

Myocarditis 

Cardiomyopathies (sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, Takatsubo, 
hemochromatosis) 

Valvular
Non-lschemic Causes ... of Cardiogenic Shock ... Fibrillation AV nodal dysfunction ... , Sinus nodal dysfunction ... pulmonary HTN, systemic
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Pathogenesis

 • Genetic factors (Mutations in HLA- DR2/HLA-DR3 genes, complement genes, cytokine
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ... (SLE): Pathogenesis ... defects (i.e. dysfunction ... Erythematosus #SLE ... #Pathophysiology
Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
PVFM) Cardiac Causes ... • Hypovolemic shock ... Severe kidney dysfunction ... poisoning Nervous System ... Dysfunction Causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Myocardial • Systolic ... Dysfunction • ... Diastolic Dysfunction ... #Causes
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
Manifestations of Systemic ... Erythematosus (SLE ... Encephalopathy, Cognitive Dysfunction ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
 • Idiopathic
 • Associated with:
Causes of Pulmonary ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Left-Sided Heart Dysfunction ... : • Systolic ... #Causes
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... heart disease Systolic ... dysfunction Diastolic ... dysfunction ... #Differential #Causes
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
conditions: Autoimmune (SLE ... -(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... in up to 30% of cases ... Valve destruction/dysfunction
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Papillary Muscle Dysfunction ... Carcinoid #Systolic ... #causes