3635 results
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... - Active urine sediment ... - Bland urine sediment ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
HPF spun urine sediment ... examination of urine sediment ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
microscopy / urinary sediment ... osmolarity If cause ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... cell/white cell casts ... nephritic urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... proteinuria #nephrotic #syndrome
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... Hematuria with benign sediment ... Hematuria with active sediment ... Hematuria with active sediment ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Rouleaux in urine sediment - Urine Microscopy
Rouleaux in urine sediment. As the finding in the blood
Rouleaux in urine sediment ... Rouleaux in urine sediment ... smears, it is caused ... Rouleaux #urine #sediment
Hyperthermic Syndromes - This table summarizes the similarities and differences between some toxicologic causes of hyperthermic
Hyperthermic Syndromes ... some toxicologic causes ... of hyperthermic syndromes ... • Serotonin syndrome ... #Hyperthermic #Syndromes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndromes
ST segment elevation in acute myocardial ischemia

ST segment elevations with straight (horizontal, upsloping or downsloping) or
ST segment elevation ... ischemia ST segment ... Concave ST segment ... less likely to be caused ... the underlying cause