7 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
administration • Osmotic diuresis ... (see Polyuria scheme ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... #nephrology #differential
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... (IV loop diuretic ... - IV loop diuretic ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... Cl; • Active diuretic ... to the dose of diuretic ... correcting serum potassium ... #nephrology