14 results
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
, address diuretic ... ) to normalize Potassium ... contraction metabolic alkalosis ... Early nephrologv ... Fluid #Balance #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... irrigation • Management ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
pressure: Active diuretic ... metabolic acidosis • Diabetic ... the indicated causes ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... after renal tubule ... diuretic effect ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
0.8 Normal + High ... of High Anion Gap ... Ketoacidosis (starvation, diabetic ... Volume depletion (diuresis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... : Emesis, Diuretics ... #nephrology #low
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• K sparing diuretics ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... insufficiency/Failure • SLE ... #potassium #high ... #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (amiloride ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
only if no clear cause ... (IV loop diuretic ... - IV loop diuretic ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K