37 results
“H’s & T’s“ - The reversible causes of Cardiac Arrest 
Hypovolemia, Hypoxia/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen Ion Excess (Acidosis),
/Hypoxemia, Hydrogen ... Ion Excess (Acidosis ... Pneumothorax, Thrombosis (Pulmonary ... Coronary) #HsTs #acls ... #differential #
H’s and T’s Mnemonic - Causes of Cardiac Arrest
H's - Hypovolemia, Hypoxia, Hydrogen Ions (acidosis), Hyperkalemia
- Hypovolemia, Hypoxia ... Hydrogen Ions (acidosis ... Thromboembolism (Pulmonary ... Arrest #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #acls
Hypoxemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm by A-a Gradient

Normal A-a Gradient:
 • ↓ Atmospheric pressure
 • Hypoventilation: CNS
Hypoxemia Differential ... (↑Shunting), ↓Perfusion ... MatthewHoMD #Hypoxemia ... #Hypoxia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #pulmonary
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
Causes of Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... lung disease • Pulmonary ... Septal Defect Pulmonary ... #Hypoxia #Differential
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... failure - CAD/ACS ... • Pleura: - Effusion ... Additional: - Acidosis ... #dyspnea #sob #differential
Acute Hypoxemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Hyperacute: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Acute Hypoxemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Hemorrhage • Impaired Diffusion ... Sophia_Hayes_MD #Hypoxemia ... #hypoxia #Differential
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia ... pneumonia • Water: pulmonary ... e.g., GBS, MG, ALS ... #Hypoxia #differential ... Algorithm #rapid #pulmonary
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Chronic Dyspnea - Differential ... Pericardial • Effusion ... Abnormalities • Pleural Effusions ... • Metabolic Acidosis ... #Dyspnea #SOB #Differential
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
D D-lactate (short ... - Rapid saline infusion ... , pain, fever, hypoxia ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... with associated hypoxia
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Pulmonary ... flare, Pleural effusion ... Tumor, Pleural effusion ... Chronic: Metabolic acidosis