11 results
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Loss of sodium/Potassium ... involvement: Muscles, Kidneys ... consciousness, Coma/seizure ... #differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... starts by measuring ... Renal tubular acidosis ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Chronic progressive kidney ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... differentiating kidney ... - Metabolic acidosis ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Prerenal:
 • Due to true volume loss or decreased
(AKI) - Differential ... blood volume • Hypovolemia ... some abx, heme pigment ... stone • Tumor ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
injury, Heat stroke ... exertion/training - Seizures ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... iniury, Heat stroke ... exertion/training, Seizures ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Renal tubular acidosis ... Heavy exercise, Heat ... stroke, Fever ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Hypocalciuria (spot ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Strenuous exercise, Seizures ... Body Temperature: Heat ... stroke, Malignant ... Electrolytes: Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology