41 results
Drop Arm Test - Supraspinatus Tear

The drop arm test evaluates for a supraspinatus muscle tear.
Passively adduct
Supraspinatus Tear ... supraspinatus muscle tear ... to 90 degrees, flex ... #Shoulder #PhysicalExam ... clinical #video #sports
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Mutism Pathophysiology ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... If ok with ICU team ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Pathogenesis and Ocular ... mucins with reduced tear ... conjunctiva) • Bitot's spots ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
II: Incomplete tear ... Ill: Complete tear ... LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... Grading #Grades #Diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Physical Exam 53-year-old ... the ankle jerk reflex ... evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... a deep-tendon reflex ... Woltmans #Signs #PhysicalExam
Chronic Vision Loss by Anatomic Location - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cornea:
 • Keratoconus
 • Stromal Scaring
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... - Obscure Red Reflex ... • Age Related Macular ... - Cotton wool spots ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Floaters - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
Vitreous Floaters:
• Microscopic collagen fibers within the vitreous that tend to clump
- Differential Diagnosis ... Patients As: • Black spots ... the vision • Spots ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Ocular #ophthalmology
Ear Pain (Otalgia) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Primary Otalgia 
 - Pain that originates from the ear
- Differential Diagnosis ... Gastroesophageal reflux ... gastroesophageal reflux ... vision or black spots ... #differential #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
diffuse light reflex ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis
Periorbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Dacryoadenitis: infection of the lacrimal glands
b. Conjunctivitis: inflammation of the
normal: - extra-ocular ... - pupillary reflex ... Periorbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis