12 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
- Differential Diagnosis ... syndrome) • Vascular ... Disease process primarily ... nephropathy • Secondary ... #nephrology
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
pink to brown macules ... - Ocular syphilis ... have positive serology ... aortic aneurysm and coronary ... #Tertiary #Diagnosis
Syphilis - Clinical Manifestations and Treatment

1) Primary Syphilis
 • Direct lesion contact during sex is responsible
Symmetric macular ... Headache, meningitis, ocular ... Coronary artery ... , secondary and ... Syphilis #stages #diagnosis
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
ulceration • Ocular ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... spondyloarthritis • Ocular ... Leukemia, Lymphoma Ocular ... #management #signs
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... progressive decline → Secondary ... Progressive MS • Primary ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Hypothyroidism, Primary
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... AQP4-lgG disease; e.g ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Primary headaches ... - Miosis Secondary ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
cryoglobulin (CG ... Primary (essential ... pulmonary emboli, and ocular ... Cryofibrinogenemia Diagnosis ... Cryofibrinogenemia #diagnosis
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
purpura: Strong sign ... node syndrome • Coronary ... pulmonary disease, and ocular ... ulcers, cutaneous, ocular ... Cogan syndrome: Ocular