27 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... associated with short ... bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Tremors - Movement Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Action Tremor - Occurs During Voluntary Muscle
Causes of Tremors ... Tremor - Occurs at Rest ... Dystonia • Metabolic ... Thyroid, Liver, Kidney ... MovementDisorders #Neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... autosomal dominant kidney ... diagnosis of echogenic kidneys ... #nephrology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
Treatment depends ... dissipation of metabolic ... maintained fever CAUSES ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
D D-lactate (short ... bowel syndrome, ... Acetazolamide Causes ... - Salicylates Causes ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... Neurologic disorders ... #Hypertension #Workup
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome ... stones caused by ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology