26 results
Diuretic Electrolyte Excretion Effects 
Diuresis, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, Uric Acid
 - Thiazide Type
Electrolyte Excretion Effects ... Diuresis, Na+, ... - Epithelial Sodium ... #electrolytes #effects ... pharmacology #comparison #table
Antiarrhythmics - Sodium Channel Blockers
Subclasses, Mechanisms, Indications, Side Effects
la - Quinidine, Procainamide
lb - Lidocaine, Mexiletine
Ic -
Antiarrhythmics - Sodium ... Indications, Side Effects ... Antiarrhythmics #Sodium ... Blockers #ClassI #Na ... #pharmacology #table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... #Differential #Table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Differential Diagnosis Table ... Corrected Na = [ ... Urine Osm • Na ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... - RAAS ON (UNa ... - RAAS OFF (UNa ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium ... 15 g QD • Side Effects ... 8.4 g • Side Effects ... daily • Side Effects ... #pharmacology #table
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Increased renal sodium ... retention, Urine Na ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
acid >4 • Urine Na ... losses • Urine Na ... acid >4 • Urine Na ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
• With lower Na ... promoting passive sodium ... osmolality < 538 AND UNa ... Has many side effects