15 results
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... , CLL, lymphoma, ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #anemia
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis

Congenital Diseases:
• GATA2 deficiency
• Fanconi’s anemia
• Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
• Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy

Cancer:
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma

Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... : • Systemic lupus ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Atlas
 • Microcytic - Iron-deficiency anemia, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic anemia, Lead poisoning
Myelodysplastic syndrome ... spherocytosis, Hemolytic ... uremic syndrome ... key #diagnosis #differential ... #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell ... anemia, Thalassemias ... Diagnosis #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... anemia • Cold ... younger pts) Differential ... #hemolytic #anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... , deficiency anemia ... Rebound effect from treatment ... Vasculitides, IBD, Celiac disease ... Kawasaki, Nephrotic syndrome
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary ... cells can indicate disease ... • Neutropenia, anemia ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Richter’s Syndrome
Hypersensitivity: Summary
Type I Hypersensitivity:
 • Immunological Mediator: lgE
 • Immunological Target: Allergen Molecules
 • Ex: Antibiotic
Hypersensitivity: Summary ... anemia, Penicillin-induced ... Gravis, Graves' Disease ... • Ex: Systemic Lupus ... Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... lymphopenia, low PLT • Anemia ... : • Chronic B-cell ... Erythematosus #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
Lymphoma (HCV) • CLL ... • Coombs (-) hemolytic ... anemia due to cold ... IgG • Lupus anticoagulant ... #Monoclonal #Differential