46 results
Spondylolysis & Spondylolisthesis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Pars interarticularis stress fracture (spondylolysis) - most frequently in the
S1 => Weakened stability ... XR — scotty dog sign ... Spondylolisthesis #MSK ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
micro-damage exceeds ability ... StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
Rheumatoid Arthritis Summary
MCP and PIP Involvement, Spares DIP, Carpal Tunnel, Sicca Syndrome, Epi/Scleritis, Heart Disease, Rheumatoid
Scleritis, Heart Disease ... Nodules, Pulmonary Disease ... : Atlantoaxial Instability ... RA #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #signs #symptoms
Maculopapular - Diagnostic Algorithm
Pathophysiology:
- Catch-all term with a wide range of potential pathophysiologic mechanisms and causative
Diagnostic Algorithm Pathophysiology ... - Pathophysiology ... Ill-appearing, vital sign ... instability - ... #Diagnosis #Dermatology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
onto lateral hip Signs ... Complications: • Inability ... FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
neurodegenerative disease ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... Signs and symptoms ... Multiple Sclerosis Treatment ... management #neurology #treatment
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Polycythemia Vera (PV) - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Diagnostic Criteria:
 • Elevated hemoglobin and/or hematocrit AND
 •
present, symptoms, signs ... Splenomegaly Treatment ... • Treatment is ... von Willebrand disease ... #hematology
X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
The epidemiology of this disease is 1/340,000 births and roughly double
epidemiology of this disease ... history of the disease ... Signs of immunodeficiency ... humoral immunity Signs ... Agammaglobulinemia #XLinked #pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Responsive to Treatment ... growth, response to treatment ... Amy Chung, MD, MSc ... Classification #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis