11 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Beer Potomania - Low ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Once pseudohypokalemia is ruled out, causes of hypokalemia can be
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... filling of bucket (low ... intake) 2. ... #Causes #workup ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Depleted - 2° ... Expanded - 1° or 2° ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
is usually caused ... 3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Insulin • Beta-2 ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Volume Depleted - 2° ... Euvolemic* - 1°/2° ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... , TTKG, distal flow ... Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Resistance • Beta-2 ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology