10 results
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cryoglobulins (Vasculitic ... IgM) • Blood smear ... younger pts) Differential ... #disease #hemolytic ... #anemia #hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic ... C3d • Blood smear ... : Differential → ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... management #treatment #rheumatology
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... . primary cold agglutin ... Extravascular #Causes ... #differential # ... diagnosis #hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... Agglutination - Cold agglutinins ... cardiac valve, vasculitis ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
Purpura - Differential ... DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... Vasculopathy #Purpura #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hematology ... #rheumatology #
Approach to Thrombocytosis - Elevated Platelet Count - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Peripheral Smear concerning for malignancy?
Platelet Count - Differential ... Peripheral Smear ... blood loss, Acute hemolysis ... Inflammatory Conditions: Rheumatologic ... , Vasculitides,
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN)
RPGN has three primary pathophysiologic causes differentiated by immunofluorescence

Immune Complex Mediated (granular staining):
pathophysiologic causes ... • Limited to Kidney ... Glomerulonephritis #Vasculitis ... #differential # ... diagnosis #algorithm #rheumatology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
decrease in most cases ... Peripheral blood smear ... WBC count and differential ... hematuria (without casts ... Diagnosis #Workup #Hematology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential ... tract, and often causes ... Polyarteritis Nodosa: - Kidneys ... Kidneys -> glomerulonephritis ... #rheumatology #
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Vasculitis - Differential ... Differential Diagnosis ... musculoskeletal systems • Kidneys ... tract, and often causes ... Diagnosis #Rheumatology