11 results
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic ... #nephrology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Differential Diagnosis ... - MINT Mnemonic ... • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia ... Vestibular neuronitis, CNS ... #neurology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... acidosis: - CNS ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Non-reabsorbable anions ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
CNS: parietal ... (Many causes!) ... lesions (e.g. stroke ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Causes of High-anion ... #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Hypochloremia - Differential ... secretion • Acid-base ... extracellular anion ... components of acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
the indicated causes ... of anion gap metabolic ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
(K, phos, uric acid ... Glycogenolysis, Lipid metabolism ... Temperature: Heat stroke ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology #table
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Reversible course Differential ... Drug toxicity, Metabolic ... Constipation, Seizures, Stroke ... diagnosis #management #neurology