40 results
Parinaud's Syndrome
What?
 - Impaired upgaze
 - Light-near dissociation
 - Convergence retraction nystagmus
 - Eyelid retraction (Collier's
Parinaud's Syndrome ... Pineal region tumors ... setting sun sign" - Vascular ... #diagnosis #pineal ... #neurology
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
- Differential Diagnosis ... : Vascular (IS, ... Neoplasm-related (brain tumors ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
- Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... • Structural: Tumor ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Parinaud's syndrome
What?
 • Light-near dissociation (tectal pupils)
 • Convergence retraction nystagmus
 • Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign)
Parinaud's syndrome ... Pineal region tumors ... setting sun" sign • Vascular ... neudrawlogy #Parinauds #syndrome ... #neurology #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
- Differential Diagnosis ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... Intra-Renal: • Vascular ... • Obstruction (Tumor ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Myelitis, Trauma, Tumor ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... heavy metals), Critical ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Pathogenesis and clinical ... injury, often from vascular ... herniation or tumour ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #orthopedics #neurology
Important Causes of Diplopia 
TIER 1-CRITICAL
Basilar artery thrombosis, Botulism, Basilar meningitis, Aneurysmn
TIER 2-EMERGENT:
Vertebral dissection, Myasthenia gravis,
Diplopia TIER 1-CRITICAL ... , Orbital apex syndrome ... URGENT: Brainstem tumor ... #differential #diagnosis ... #ophthalmology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... arrhythmia • Valvular ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... trauma/orbital tumor ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology