251 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Renin secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
High Anion Gap Metabolic ... salicylate toxicity causes ... ketoacidosis Renal ... acids in advanced renal ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Renin-secreting tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Rhabdomyolysis • Tumor ... Lysis • Metabolic ... PO4 < 20%: • Renal ... Context of Impaired Renal ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... Renin-Secreting Tumor ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
Systemic (toxic/metabolic ... (Many causes!) ... * (most common cause ... (e.g. stroke, tumor ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Metabolic alkalosis ... Renin secreting tumor ... Renal artery stenosis ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Causes of Facial Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Forehead Sparing = Central cause
  - Most commonly
Causes of Facial ... Sparing = Central cause ... - Intracranial tumor ... Infection, Compression Tumor ... #neurology #sparing
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Renin-secreting tumor ... syndrome #Primary #Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Framework Pre-Renal ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... • Obstruction (Tumor ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm