44 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... intake • Metabolic ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Cirrhosis - Illustrated signs and symptoms:
Integumentary, neurologic, gastrointestinal, portal hypertension effects, hematologic, renal, metabolic, cardiovascular, reproductive

#Diagnosis
- Illustrated signs ... Integumentary, neurologic ... , hematologic, renal ... , metabolic, cardiovascular ... #Cirrhosis #Signs
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Losses Non-renal ... vomiting) • Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypokalemia • Renal ... potassium wasting ... Abnormalities of calcium metabolism ... Hypomagnesemia #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Chloridorrhea Renal ... • Penicillins Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... - Gitelman SIGNS ... gas transport, renal
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Serum K: low ... NonAnionGap #Acidosis #Metabolic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology