136 results
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Decreased GI Uptake ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
high; in some cases ... by suppressed uptake ... focal increased uptake ... by suppressed uptake ... #differential #diagnosis
Hyperthyroidism - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High/Normal Radioiodine Uptake
 - Autoimmune Thyroid Disease:
    • Grave's
- Differential Diagnosis ... Normal Radioiodine Uptake ... Trophoblastic Neoplasm Low ... Radioiodine Uptake ... endocrinology #causes
Folate Deficiency - Causes of Decreased Folic Acid
↓ Intake: Diet, Age, Alcohol
↑ Demand: Pregnancy, Infancy, Hemolysis,
Folate Deficiency - Causes ... Decreased Folic Acid ↓ Intake ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nutrition
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... changes and may cause ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... • Inadequate Intake ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nutrition
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Poor Intake ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Nephrolithiasis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Radio-opaque - Calcium-containing - 90% of stones
Radiolucent - Non-calcium 10%
Causes of Nephrolithiasis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... overproduction • Low ... solubility: • Low ... #Algorithm #Causes
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
- Differential Diagnosis ... Hyperglycemia, High solute intake ... IV fluids, nutrition ... ), Azotemia LOW ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Diet: ↓ Intake, e.g. vegan, Malnutrition, Polyphenol / tannins, ↓ Vitamin
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... • Diet: ↓ Intake ... Iron #Deficiency #Causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #anemia #nutrition