34 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypothermia on EKG
 • J (Osborn) waves
 • PR, QRS, and QT prolongation
 • Various bradyarrythmias
Hypothermia on EKG ... osborn #waves #EKG ... #ECG #electrocardiogram ... #cardiology #diagnosis ... #clinical
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid ... and uric acid low ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Pericardial Effusion on EKG
 • Electrical alternans
 • Low voltage
 • Sinus tachycardia (suggests possibility of
Pericardial Effusion on EKG ... Pericardial #Effusion #EKG ... #ECG #electrocardiogram ... #cardiology #diagnosis ... #clinical
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Dextrocardia on EKG
 • Limb leads look like LA ←→ RA transposition
 • V1 ←→ V2
Dextrocardia on EKG ... #Dextrocardia #EKG ... #ECG #electrocardiogram ... #cardiology #diagnosis ... #clinical
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Premature atrial complex (PAC) - ECG Recognition
 • Prematurity and altered P wave morphology.
 • P
complex (PAC) - ECG ... atrial #complexes #cardiology ... #diagnosis #ekg ... #ecg #electrocardiogram ... #clinical
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Based Approach to Hyponatremia ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... SatyaPatelMD #Volume #Hyponatremia ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology