11 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... hypernatremia - CHF ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... amzn.to/2LmUODZ #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hypokalemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... EABV (e.g., CHF ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... Na delivery): CHF ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #diagnosis #causes ... nephrology #sodium #low
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... continued in most cases ... ; interpretation ... #differential #algorithm
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table ... #heartfailure #chf