Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... remember than the normal ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... table #sodium #nephrology
How much sodium is in 1 Liter of Normal Saline? In Bags if Potato Chips
How much sodium ... is in 1 Liter of ... In Bags if Potato ... #saline #ns #nephrology ... #sodium #comparison
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
The next step in ... /Normal Blood Pressure ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... acidosis Step 5 - Differential ... glycol (present in ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... Base #Gas #VBG #differential
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Saline (NS) - Comparison ... shift • Saline Causes ... decreased renal blood flow ... • Saline May Cause ... #Saline #NS #comparison
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
Hepatic imaging: Normal ... • Histology: Normal-mild ... Liver enzymes, and Low ... obstetrics #hepatitis #comparison ... #differential #
Polycythemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polycythemia itself isn’t a diagnosis. Like many things, it is a condition
Polycythemia - Differential ... underlying cause ... levels: realllly low ... exogenous, EPO levels: normal ... #Polycythemia #Differential