Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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17 results
PLACO Mnemonic - Approach to Acid-Base Disorders
P - Determine the pH
L - Labs: PCO2 & HCO3
A
- Approach to Acid-Base ... Calculate Anion Gap ... PLACO #AcidBase #Acid ... #Base #diagnosis ... #nephrology #Mnemonic
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
and Alkalosis - Diagnostic ... Methanol (formic acid ... glycol (-> oxalic acid ... infusion #Diagnosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
The head impulse test (HIT) result is positive (abnormal) in nearly all patients with a peripheral
with a peripheral cause ... with a central cause ... therefore be used as ... #Diagnosis #PhysicalExam ... #Neurology #AVS
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 β€’ Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 β€’ Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Losses: β€’ Normal Acid-Base ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
If the patient has ... hematuria (RBC casts ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
consistent with a diagnosis ... experience, the cause ... in our case where ... ophthalmology #physicalexam ... #neurology #Anisocoria
β–Ί
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
fasciculus), which causes ... The most common causes ... the hospital, diagnosed ... Half #Syndrome #PhysicalExam ... ophthalmology #neurology
β–Ί
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 β€’ Sodium 130 mEq/L
 β€’
lactate NOT lactic acid ... in states such as ... shift β€’ Saline Causes ... β€’ Saline May Cause ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
complications such as ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology