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Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Categorized ... by Causes: Redistribution ... Losses (High and Low ... #Algorithm
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #differential ... #causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
protease activity - A low ... If the value is low ... Haptoglobin - Low ... WBC count and differential ... ThromboticThrombocytopenicPurpura #Diagnosis #Workup
Commonly Used Diagnostic Tests for Celiac Disease

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies
 - Most reliable noninvasive test
negative if on low-gluten ... Celiac #Disease #Testing ... Tests #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Table
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency:
 • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
between 8 and 9 AM - Low ... aldosterone - Low ... in cases in which ... laboratory #diagnosis #testing ... endocrinology #workup
Causes of Hypokalemia
I. Decreased intake
   A. Starvation
   B. Clay ingestion
II. Redistribution into
Causes of Hypokalemia ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of Constipation in Adults
Most common
 - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake
 - Poor bowel habits
Systemic
Causes of Constipation ... Idiopathic megarectum Slow ... Psychogenic - Eating ... #Constipation #Causes ... #Differential #