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The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... - Sickle cell disease ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Diagnosis of Hypokalemia - Differential Algorithm 

Categorized by Causes: Redistribution, Extrarenal Losses, Renal Losses (High and
- Differential Algorithm ... Categorized by Causes ... , Renal Losses ( ... High and Low Blood ... #Differential #Algorithm
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... chronic kidney disease ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Diagnosis #Table #Causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red Flags:
 • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection)
 • Weight loss,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... underlying lung disease ... of cancer, lung disease ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... granulomatous diseases ... Primary renal disease ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification
Laboratory Evaluation of Patients for Thyroid Disease 
Hyperthyroidism:
 • Graves disease - TSH low; free T4
Patients for Thyroid Disease ... Hyperthyroidism: • Graves disease ... - TSH low; free ... high; in some cases ... vary throughout disease
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... veno-occlusive disease ... , Gaucher disease ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification ... #Differential #Causes
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
has a number of causes ... breathing has several causes ... Other causes include ... short periods Causes ... Causes include