Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation Algorithm
In addition to edema and urine concentration, always consider urine
Diagnosis and Evaluation ... Algorithm In addition ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Evaluation #Algorithm ... #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia ... Differential Algorithm ... and hypervolemic hyponatremia ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 β€’ Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Mitochondrial Encephalopathy ... CNS abscess β€’ Neurologic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... MINT #Mnemonic #neurology
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... mmol/L - true hyponatremia ... renal failure #Hypernatremia ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology #sodium
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... #Differential #diagnosis ... encephalopathies #encephalopathy ... patterns #MRI #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment
Blood pressure control:
 β€’ Aim for 10-25% BP reduction within
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... titratable IV meds ... potentially causative meds ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy ... Treatment #Management #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 β€’ Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis ... Immunomodulatory meds ... Posterior #Reversible #Encephalopathy ... #Neurology
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute Thiamine (B1) Deficiency 
Clinical Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 out of 4):
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... Deficiency Clinical Diagnosis ... classic triad of encephalopathy ... B1 #Deficiency #diagnosis ... #criteria #neurology