Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief ๐Ÿ‡ต๐Ÿ‡ญ ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 โ€ข Urine Chloride
 โ€ข Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
from Bartter syndrome ... โ€ข Urine Chloride ... โ€ข Urine Ca/Cr ... Bartter #Algorithm #nephrology ... #hypokalemia #diagnosis
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
patients with hypokalemia ... โ€ข Cell shift: Hypokalemic ... #hypokalemia ... differential #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Abnormally Colored Urine - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Red:
 - Hematuria, Hemoglobinuria, Myoglobinuria
 - Beets, Rhubarb, Blackberries, Artificial
- Differential Diagnosis ... bag syndrome (chronically ... #Discoloration ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... โ€ข Diarrhea A urine ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 โ€ข Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Bag Syndrome - ... #Color #discoloration ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology
Possible Causes of Altered Urine Color 

Red 
    Foods: beets, blackberries, rhubarb
Causes of Altered Urine ... Purple (Purple Urine ... #Colored #Discoloration ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 โ€ข Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Guillain-Barrรฉ syndrome ... Hyperreflexia: โ€ข Hypocalcemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
consistent with a diagnosis ... The video highlights ... #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam #neurology
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