Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
Kidney Injury (AKI ... Syndrome - Nephritic ... #Urinalysis #diagnosis ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op β€’ Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis β€’ Nephrotic ... GFR, AKI/CRF Hormonal
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Present (Uosm β‰₯100): Hypovolemia ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome) β€’ ADH ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 β€’ Dehydration
 β€’ Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 β€’ Liver failure
a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome ... a.k.a. hepatorenal syndrome ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... H+ secretion β†’ Hypokalemia ... #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic ... syndrome) Euvolemic ... Nausea, Pulmonary Diseases ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... #nephrology #sodium
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 β€’ Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI ... - Differential Diagnosis ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Acute Interstitial Nephritis ... #nephrology
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
EM) Haematuria/nephritis ... Nephrotic syndrome ... #nephrology #pathology ... #comparison #table ... #diagnosis #microscopy
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 β€’ Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia: β€’ Hypovolemia ... Liver Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... Syndrome, Chronic ... Differential #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low