Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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16 results
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus ... Workup Step #1 ... Management #Algorithm #Sodium ... #nephrology #insipidus
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Differential Algorithm ... sodium and serum ... - Urine sodium ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... water retention 1) ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 β€’ Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
DI; high dilute urine ... , Dehydration: neurologic ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes Insipidus ... ([Na] / 140) - 1) ... #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis β†’
Pathophysiology 1) ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... β†’ Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis #nephrology ... #hyponatremia #
Hyponatremia Diagnostic Algorithm
1) Check serum osmolality
2) Check urine osmolality
3) ADH Dependent - Check volume status, urine
Algorithm 1) Check ... volume status, urine ... sodium, uric acid ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... nephrology
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
for Treatment of Hyponatremic ... Encephalopathy 1) ... L in the first 1- ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... output for signs
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 β€’ Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 β€’ Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 β€’
Diabetes Insipidus ... β€’ Osmolality, Urine ... Plasma AND β€’ Sodium ... 1-2 hrs post administration ... #differential
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... +K / serum Na >1 ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... #differential # ... #nephrology