Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
Kidney stone type ... sediment, urinary ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #Urinary #Kidney
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 β€’ Epithelial cells - Normal
 β€’ Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Diagnostic of ... #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... you confirmed diagnosis ... Assess UA w/ microscopy
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 β€’ Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... the indicated causes ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Urinary ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 β€’ Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... acute and chronic kidney ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... β€’ Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 β€’ Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... Calcium Oxalate: Primary ... #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis