Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Kidney stone type, corresponding urine sediment, urinary risk factors, and associated clinical settings.
#Diagnosis #Nephrology #Urine #Microscopy
Kidney stone type ... sediment, urinary ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #Urinary #Kidney ... Composition #Shapes #Table
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... clinical context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 β€’ Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Acute Tubular Injury ... #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... Injury (AKI) 1 ... circulating volume, Urinary ... are caused by prerenal ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 β€’ Epithelial cells - Normal
 β€’ Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... - Diagnostic of ... acute tubular injury ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 β€’ Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... disease - Renal ultrasound ... Duplex Doppler ultrasound ... test (with 24-h urine ... #Workup #table
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 β€’ Dehydration
 β€’ Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 β€’ Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... tubular necrosis (causes ... Neurogenic bladder β€’ Urinary ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 β€’ Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... the indicated causes ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Urinary ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... β€’ Diarrhea A urine ... mEq/g suggests urinary ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis