Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 β€’ Low PATM Can decrease first part
- Differential Diagnosis ... obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... : Interstitial lung ... hepatopulmonary syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
pleura in severe cases ... severity Acute Respiratory ... Distress Syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #signs #Lung #POCUS
Causes of Pleural Effusion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transudate - Hydrostatic
 β€’ Congestive heart failure
 β€’ Constrictive
Causes of Pleural ... Effusion - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pneumonectomy β€’ Trapped lung ... #Pulmonary #Diagnosis
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 β€’ Dysrhythmia
 β€’ Ischemia
 β€’ Cardiomyopathy
 β€’ Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... β€’ Interstitial lung ... Pleura: β€’ Pleural effusion
Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILD)
Exposure-Related ILD (a.k.a. extrinsic allergic alveolitis): 
 β€’ Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, Farmer's lung, Bird
ILD caused by inhalation ... pneumonia (COP), Respiratory ... Churg Strauss syndrome ... Diseases #ILD #diagnosis ... #causes
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS: Clinical Cheat Sheet

An acute diffuse, inflammatory lung injury, leading to
Acute Respiratory ... Distress Syndrome ... leading to increased pulmonary ... consistent with pulmonary ... Summary #CheatSheet #Diagnosis
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation: CNS of Respiratory ... Hypoventilation Syndrome ... Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ... , Interstitial Lung ... #differential #diagnosis
Berlin Criteria for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) 
- Respiratory symptoms must have begun within one
Distress Syndrome ... consistent with pulmonary ... explained by pleural effusions ... lobar collapse, lung ... Definition #Criteria #Diagnosis
Radiographic appearances of pulmonary diseases in HIV/AIDS Patients
 β€’ Diffuse Interstitial Infiltrates: Pneumocystis jirovecii, M.tuberculosis, Histoplasma
avium complex β€’ Nodular ... /Masses: M.tuberculosis ... Actinomyces spp., NHL; Lung ... Parapneumonic effusion ... #differential #diagnosis
COVID-19 Findings on Lung ultrasound
 - Thickened pleural line
 - B lines (multifocal, discrete, or confluent)
consolidation - Pleural effusion ... alveolar interstitial syndrome ... patients with pulmonary ... #ultrasound #POCUS ... #Diagnosis #Signs