@phive30 on GrepMed

Diagnosis and Management of Hyponatremia #Hyponatremia #Algorithm #Differential #Diagnosis #Management #Nephrology ** GrepMed Recommended Text: Nephrology Secrets - https://amzn.to/2Z74DhY

An algorithm for the evaluation of hyponatremia - Dr. Tom Fadial https://twitter.com/thame #hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology #differential

Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to ADH • Pain/Post-op • Neurologic trauma • Drugs • Pulmonary pathology • Malignancy True hypovolemia • Bleeding • GI losses • Renal losses (especially thiazide diuretics) With edema • Congestive heart failure • Cirrhosis • Nephrotic syndrome • Reduced GFR, AKI/CRF Hormonal changes • Hypothyroidism • Adrenal insufficiency • Pregnancy Hypo-osmolar urine - Uosm < 100 mmol/kg - ADH suppression • Primary polydipsia • Insufficient osmole intake #Hyponatremia #Nephrology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes

The biotrauma hypothesis of ventilator-induced lung injury. IL = interleukin; PEEP = positive end-expiratory pressure; Pplat = plateau pressure; TNF = tumor necrosis factor; VT = tidal volume. #Pathophysiology #Barotrauma #Injury #Mechanical #Ventilation

Balloon Visualization - Mechanical Ventilation Pressures - PIP, PPlat, PEEP Peak Inspiratory Pressure (PIP): Dynamic pressure needed to fully inflate the lung (Overcome resistive and elastic forces of the lung) Airway Resistance: PIP – Plateau Pressure (Normally <5cmH20 unless excessive airway resistance) Inspiratory Pause: Ventilator Maneuver to Measure Plateau Pressure Plateau Pressure (PPlat): Alveolar distending pressure (Static pressure which reflects lung compliance) #MechanicalVentilation #Pressures #PPlat #PEEP #CriticalCare #Diagnosis #Balloon #Pathophysiology #Pulmonary

Ventilator Waveform Troubleshooting - High Peak Pressures This OnePager explains how you can rapidly determine if High Pressures are due to a Resistance Problem, a Compliance Problem, or a PEEP problem. Nick Mark MD @nickmmark #Ventilator #Troubleshooting #PeakPressures #Waveforms #Diagnosis #Management #CriticalCare #PPeak #PPlat

Weaning from the Ventilator - Algorithm Setting up for extubation success • Decrease demand — correct metabolic acidosis, decrease CO2 production (fever, overfeeding, etc), reduce dead space. • Optimize mechanics - sit patient up, avoid gastric distension, consider draining pleural effusions • Improve strength — physical therapy, wean or avoid steroids & NMB • Respiratory drive — stop or reduce long lasting pain meds, combine with sedation vacation • Optimize Nutrition — feeding w/o overfeeding, correct electrolyte derangements (including Mg and PO4) • Diuresis — Dry lungs are happy lungs Nick Mark MD @nickmmark #Weaning #Ventilator #Algorithm #Extubation #CriticalCare #Management

Vasopressors Demystified Shock comes in many flavors and so do vasopressors. Here’s a OnePager summarizing my approach to pressors including when to start, which ones to use, how to administer them, and when to increase or wean. Includes my favorite pressor pedagogical device: the pressor-speedometer. Nick Mark MD @nickmmark #Vasopressors #Basics #CriticalCare #Management #Pharmacology #Comparison #Inotropes

The ARDSnet ideal body weight/tidal volume chart takes all of the calculations and guesswork out of selecting the appropriate tidal volume for your vent settings. Consider keeping a copy on your airway cart! 6-8cc/kg IBW is the recommended initial tidal volume #Management #CriticalCare #Anesthesia #ARDSnet #Ideal #BodyWeight #IdealBodyWeight #Height #Chart #Ventilator #Ventilation #TidalVolume ** GrepMed Recommended Text: Marino's The ICU Book - https://amzn.to/2WUVUwA

Lung Injury Ventilation & ARDSnet #criticalcare #coronavirus #covid19 #ventilator #mechancialventilation #management #sarscov2