The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Primary Hyperthyroidism ... Secondary hyperthyroidism ... Signs/Symptoms: ... myxedema #Primary #Hyperthyroidism ... #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... /Symptoms: • GH ... metabolic abn #GrowthHormone ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
fraction • HTN #GrowthHormone ... Overproduction #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... a scrotum #21HydroxylaseDeficiency ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
the etiology Signs ... /Symptoms: - Pretibial ... pathophysiology #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology