The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics ... Grades #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Brief Overview
LH and FSH are required for follicular development and
ovulation -> LH supports ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology ... #menstruation #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
deficiency: - Short ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: the Uterine Cycle
The endometrium has receptors for ovarian hormones! Changes in structure and
built up, so a short ... built up, so a short ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology ... #UterineCycle #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Correlating the Ovarian and Uterine Cycles
Note: Some charts show different relative levels of
days long) • Starts ... #OvarianCycle #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
RICE: Mechanism of Action
Rest (weight bearing or stressful motion discontinued)
Ice (applied to injury)
Compression (wrap applied to
heart) #RICE #Sports ... #pathophysiology ... #mechanism #MSK
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
> Stiffness is short-lived ... Comparison #Versus #MSK ... JointPain #Diagnosis #pathophysiology
Overuse Tendinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Intrinsic factors: Age, Body weight, Nutrition, Gender, Anatomical variations,
factors: Occupation, Sport ... #Tendinopathy #pathophysiology ... #msk
Isolated Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Feeling a "pop"
 • Acute
#ACL #Injury #MSK ... #Sports #pathophysiology
Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) Injury: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Classification of PCL Iniuries
 • Partial: Translation <
Some sort of end ... #PCL #Injury #MSK ... #Sports #pathophysiology