The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Account created for The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease - Linking pathophysiology to clinical presentation - http://calgaryguide.ucalgary.ca/
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Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
mediated; exposure to allergen ... Allergic reaction ... Initial exposure to allergen ... cells or CTLs -> Inflammation ... #Immunology #pathophysiology
Type I Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Production of lgE Antibodies that bind to harmless allergens
leading to an allergic ... Sensitization" to Allergen ... Initial exposure to allergen ... Complications: • Acute ... #Immunology #pathophysiology
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Acute onset of skin ... exposure to known allergen ... in the acute phase ... pathophysiology #immunology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Rheumatic Fever: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Delayed autoimmune reaction
-> Molecular mimicry
-> GAS antigen cross-reacts with host
->
Acute Rheumatic ... Tissue injury and inflammation ... , Carditis #Acute ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Anaphylaxis: Treatments (Acute)
Additional Info:
 • IV steroids may be considered for prevention of late phase reactions.
Anaphylaxis: Treatments (Acute ... provided, as well as allergy ... pathophysiology #immunology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
manifestations Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
clinical findings Acute ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #otology
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Panopthalmitis: inflammation ... Endopthalmitis: inflammation ... ) -> Localized inflammation ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Reactive Arthritis
 • Inflammation of joints (commonly large joints)
    - Asymmetric Oligoarthritis: Joint
Arthritis • Inflammation ... Effusions • Inflammation ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Otitis Media: Complications
Infection and inflammation of the middle ear
 - Prolonged obstruction of e. tube
Acute Otitis Media ... Infection and inflammation ... severe Signs/Symptoms ... pathophysiology #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis