The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
destruction), promote inflammation ... Inflammatory #Cascade #Inflammation ... pathophysiology #immunology
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms ... Rapid onset of symptoms ... • skin/mucosal symptoms ... Signs / Symptoms ... pathophysiology #immunology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Thyroid gland hyperplasia ... etiology Signs/Symptoms ... endocrinology #symptoms
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Medications
Aging
 -> Increased Testosterone -> Testosterone metabolized into DHT by type
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ... cell nuclei -> Hyperplasia ... smooth-muscle hyperplasia ... Decreased Prostatic inflammation ... Benign #Prostatic #Hyperplasia
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
cells or CTLs -> Inflammation ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
manifestations Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... audible Lungs: • Inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Hormonal alterations (result of aging process)
    ->
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ... FGF-related proteins) Inflammation ... granulocytes) -> Prostate Inflammation ... Benign #Prostatic #Hyperplasia ... Urology #Signs #Symptoms
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Panopthalmitis: inflammation ... Endopthalmitis: inflammation ... ) -> Localized inflammation ... Induration, Warmth • Inflammation ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Reactive Arthritis
 • Inflammation of joints (commonly large joints)
    - Asymmetric Oligoarthritis: Joint
Arthritis • Inflammation ... Effusions • Inflammation ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... (infection or inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms